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巴黎（法语：Ville de Paris，英语：Paris），法国首都，同时也是法国第一大城市。法国大革命时期，巴黎这座城市被分为七个行政区，这七个行政区分别为卢浮宫区，西堤岛区，玛莱区，比埃伍尔区，荣军院区，拉丁区以及巴黎之腹区。
历史编辑
形成编辑
巴黎最早建立于公元前3世纪。当时只是名为“巴黎吉”的凯尔特人部落在西堤岛上修筑的一处有围墙的聚居点。[1]
罗马统治时期编辑
公元前52年，尤利乌斯·凯撒统治的罗马帝国发兵征服了居住于此的巴黎吉这个凯尔特部落，并在塞纳河的河边建起了一座小镇，将其命名为“Lutetia Parisiorum”，意为“巴黎吉的沼泽”。公元3世纪末，巴黎及周边地区改信基督教。根据传说，巴黎的主教圣德尼在公元250年前后被罗马人在蒙马特斩首殉道。随后，这名圣徒的身体带着自己的头颅走向了卡托拉丘斯（Catolacus）村，这座村子后来也被叫作圣但尼。[2]
5世纪时，罗马帝国东西分裂；之后，法兰克于486年占领了巴黎。
中世纪编辑
558年，巴黎附近修建了圣日耳曼德佩修道院。这座修道院日后会成为法国最富有的修道院之一。[1]
7世纪中叶，巴黎贵族筹资修建了主宫医院，用作穷人与病人的庇护所。主宫医院因此成为了巴黎历史上的第一家医院。[1]
10世纪时，法国国王在西堤岛上修建了自己的寝宫，这些建筑后来改变了用途，成为了裁判所附属监狱的所在地。[1]
1130年，法国国王路易六世为格列夫广场附近后来成为大夏特莱的石制要塞修建了木塔。他还命令修建巴黎大堂和巴黎神圣教会与公墓，后者日后成为了巴黎所有教会的共用墓地。[1]
1160年，巴黎圣母院开始动工，修建工作直到1345年才宣告完成。巴黎圣母院是欧洲历史上第一座使用飞扶壁的建筑。[1]
在中世纪时期，巴黎发展迅速，成为了欧洲最大的城市之一。鉴于巴黎的不断发展，12世纪末，国王腓力·奥古斯都修建了卢浮要塞以及环绕巴黎的城墙。在他治下，大量的市场和集市在莱尚波（Les Champeaux）一带兴起，此地日后便被称作“巴黎大堂”。[1]
1240年，自十字军东征中归来的圣殿骑士团在巴黎修建了自己的总部。作为总部的要塞便是巴黎圣殿塔。[1]
1242年，法国国王路易九世下令修建圣礼拜堂，以安放耶稣基督的棘冠。圣礼拜堂于1248年完工，成为了法国的皇家礼拜堂。同时，圣礼拜堂也是圣殿骑士的死敌——刺客兄弟会总部的入口所在地。兄弟会总部修建于圣路易岛地下，借助地下通道可以轻松前往巴黎的各个地方。[1]
1246年，法国国王路易九世设立商人教长一职，担任这一职位的人即是巴黎的市长。路易九世的神父罗伯特·德·索邦想要促进平民子女的理论教育。路易九世便给了他一幢在割喉街（the rue Coupe Gueule）上的房子，这幢房子后来便成为了索邦大学。[1]
1296年，法国国王腓力四世在西堤岛皇宫下令修建司法宫，将其用作巴黎高等法院的司法法院。[1]
雅克·德·莫莱被处以火刑
1334年，克吕尼修道院院长购买了一处罗马热浴池的遗址，将遗址改建成了一栋住宅。这栋住宅就是后来被称作克吕尼酒店的地方。[1]
14世纪时，历史上英法之间著名的百年战争爆发了。英军部队的进攻导致了经济动荡，直接导致了1358年的“扎克雷（Jacquerie）”农民暴动。从此以后，百年战争时期又发生了不少起义事件。法国国王查理五世为此决定加固巴黎城防。他将寝宫迁到了卢浮要塞内，下令用运到巴黎的石料修建巴士底要塞。巴士底要塞将屹立在巴黎东面，抵御英军进攻。[1]
14世纪末，代书人、炼金术师尼可·勒梅在巴黎各处设立实验室，其中一个就位于巴黎圣母院地下。在亚伯拉罕之书的帮助下，他制造出了哲人之石与不死灵药，如传说记载的那样，确实得以大富大贵、长生不老。[4]勒梅用他的财产资助了神圣公墓的重建工作。去世之前，他将亚伯拉罕之书一分为二，将其中一半交给了他妻子的侄子帕内尔·勒梅。1418年，勒梅被葬在了圣雅各伯教堂，后被迁到神圣公墓与妻子合葬。[3]
人称圣女贞德的让娜·达尔克
15世纪初，巴黎被英国的盟友，同属法国人的勃艮第人攻陷。王位继承人查理七世遂迁都布尔日。1429年，一位年轻的法国农妇让娜·达尔克毛遂自荐，手持德·莫莱的伊甸宝剑与圣心，率领法军对抗英国与勃艮第。她率军围攻巴黎，却在战斗中被弩箭射伤，围城战也因而不了了之。[5]
百年战争结束之后，法国国王又迁都返回巴黎。
1485年，克吕尼修道院院长与主教雅克·德安布瓦兹对克吕尼酒店进行了修葺，使之成为一座奢华的待客酒店。1475年到1507年间，桑斯大主教（Archbishop of Sens）在塞纳河畔修建了自己的巴蒂库里尔酒店。[1]
文艺复兴时期编辑
文艺复兴时期的巴黎
1527年，意大利刺客乔瓦尼·博吉亚与赫尔墨斯主义信徒玛丽亚·埃米尔为了找到另一半“亚伯拉罕之书”而来到了卢浮宫。但他们只找到了他人誊写的版本，并未找到原书的那一半。之后，他们又去了神圣公墓里勒梅的墓地，发现墓中既没有尸体，也没有书。[4]
在弗朗索瓦一世统治时期，巴黎更具意大利及文艺复兴的风潮。卢浮宫与巴黎市政厅进行了翻修，圣雅各伯塔、圣尤斯塔歇教堂以及新通往主宫医院的一座桥梁落成。[1]
约翰内斯·梅茨格的肖像
弗朗索瓦之子，亨利二世与妻子凯瑟琳·德·美第奇一同翻修了卢浮宫，并在巴黎大堂一带修建了另一座宫殿。这座宫殿有一座占星塔，名叫美第奇塔。这位法国皇后是巴黎著名先知诺查丹玛斯的赞助人。诺查丹玛斯曾发现托马·德·卡尔内隆的刺客长袍，并将长袍藏于圣路易岛地下。他将打开长袍储存处锁的钥匙分散开来藏在巴黎各处，并留下了提示钥匙所在位置的谜题。诺查丹玛斯还预言了国王的死——亨利二世于1559年在巴黎参与骑士比武时被长矛刺中了眼睛。几天之后，亨利二世便因伤去世。他的遗孀成为了法国的摄政王。她认为卢浮宫太过空荡，太过冷清而又太过拥挤，于是决定新修皇家住所，名叫杜伊勒里宫。修建杜伊勒里宫征用了大量人手。其中一人名叫约翰内斯·梅茨格，是一名德国屠夫，他拒绝接受征用。因此，他于1561年被逮捕处决。临死之前，他发誓说，他一定会向杜伊勒里宫未来的主人复仇的。他死后不久，杜伊勒里宫周围确实出现了超自然现象，引起了骚乱，这些超自然现象以及骚乱自然而然地被人们归结到梅茨格前来复仇的亡灵身上，将它称作“血色幽灵（Red Ghost）”。[1]
在亨利二世去世之后，王位由他的三个儿子继承，这一情况也导致了一段时间的动荡不安。而法国境内天主教与新教之间的宗教战争更是加深了这份动荡。尽管亨利二世的女儿——信仰天主教的玛戈与信仰新教的纳瓦拉国王亨利三世结婚一度团结了巴黎的新教领袖。但1572年8月24日，在一系列事件的影响下，圣巴托洛缪大屠杀爆发了。巴黎城内歇斯底里的暴徒们进行了对新教领袖以及新教徒的大屠杀。纳瓦拉的亨利三世侥幸逃得一命。1578年，连接西堤岛与塞纳河两岸的桥梁开始修建。这座桥名为新桥，又因法国国王亨利三世在两名男宠的葬礼之后才举行落成仪式而得名泪桥（pont des pleurs）。1589年，亨利三世被天主教狂热信徒雅克·克列孟刺杀。临终之前，他委任自己的妹夫——纳瓦拉的亨利三世担任他的继任者。[1]
在对巴黎的漫长围攻之后，成为法国国王亨利四世的纳瓦拉国王亨利三世于1593年决定改信天主教。据称他表示说“巴黎确实值得举行弥撒（Paris is well worth a mass）”。他在巴黎城内进行了皈依仪式，并与巴黎巴列门的首席院长阿希勒·德·哈雷建立合作关系。这些举动大大稳定了法国国内局势，终结了宗教战争。[1]
在他治下，新的房屋在巴黎城里如雨后春笋般涌现。他在卢浮宫与杜伊勒里宫连接了起来。1601年，他下令在司法宫后面修建太子广场，并将广场交给了哈雷。1605年，皇家广场开始修建，坐落于当年亨利二世受致命伤的地方。这是一片拥有36座楼阁的广场。同年，亨利四世的前妻玛戈王后在桑斯公馆落脚。1606年，玛戈王后那年轻的情人加布里埃尔·达特·德·圣-儒略在公馆门口被玛戈王后的前情人——前来求婚、满怀嫉妒的佛蒙特伯爵刺杀。1610年5月14日，亨利四世在马车上被天主教狂热信徒弗朗索瓦·拉瓦莱克刺杀。[1]
波旁王朝统治时期编辑
在亨利四世遇刺之后，他年仅八岁的儿子成为了法国的新国王——路易十三。他的母亲玛丽·德·美第奇则成为了当时的摄政王。她下令修建她已故丈夫的骑马像，玛丽桥也是在她的命令下开始修建的。1612年，她购买了皮内-卢森堡公爵位于巴黎的葡萄园及公馆，并请建筑师萨罗蒙·德·布洛斯为她修建卢森堡宫及宫殿花园。1622年，黎塞留枢机主教阿尔芒·让·迪普莱西成为了索邦大学的校长。鉴于校园建筑年久失修，他于1629年开始翻修工作。作为这些开销的代价，他许诺死后葬在大学的礼拜堂里。黎塞留还下令修建主教宫作为他的住所。从1624年起直至去世，黎塞留被路易十三任命为国家首相，负责巩固法国的中央政权，增强法国国力。在路易十三统治时期，巴士底要塞开始被用作监狱。1642年黎塞留去世后，他被葬在了索邦大学里，他的住所被交付皇室，改称“皇家宫殿”。[1]
太阳王路易十四
18世纪初，神偷路易-多米尼克·卡图什声名鹊起——他将从富人家里偷来的钱分给巴黎周围的贫苦人民。1721年，被捕的卡图什被判处了死刑。他身为法国刺客领袖的爱人米雷耶用磔轮伪造了他的死，救了他一命。随后，拉图什成为了一名刺客，他的名字与他的日记流传了下去，最后为18世纪的另外两名刺客所知。[1]
18世纪，巴黎城内的修建工程仍旧继续进行着。1744年，路易十五患上了重病。他发誓说，要是自己能够康复，就在圣热纳维耶芙修道院的废墟上修建新的教堂。1750年，卢森堡宫成为了巴黎第一座博物馆。1752年，军事学院在路易十五情妇蓬帕杜夫人的监管下开始修建。1755年，路易十五当年许诺的教堂开始修建，并于1790年落成。同样在1755年，谷物交易所开始修建，此地便是日后巴黎谷物交易的所在地。1756年，路易十五的女儿路易斯·弗朗索瓦·德·波旁下令修建波旁宫，费用则由她的父亲支付。同年，因密谋对抗蓬帕杜夫人而被关押在巴士底狱中的让·亨利·拉图德用麻绳和柴火做出了一把临时绳梯，逃出了监狱。1759年，剧院咖啡馆在西堤岛开张，成为了巴黎首屈一指的咖啡店。刺客们买下了这家咖啡店，并将咖啡店用作他们情报收集的重要网点。1772年，杜伊勒里花园附近的路易十五广场落成。两年前的1770年，为庆祝王储路易-奥古斯特与玛丽·安托瓦内特的婚礼曾在此举行烟花表演，但表演发生了事故，132人在事故中丧生。[1]
谢伊看到本杰明·富兰克林被罪犯追赶
与此同时，巴黎日渐成为国王权力的争论中心。很多启蒙学派的哲学家在普罗可布或摄政咖啡馆等咖啡馆里聚会，讨论政治与哲学。伏尔泰、狄德罗与让-雅克·卢梭即在此列。这一时期，部分地区出现了相当明显的贫困现象。据形容，圣马赛尔区有着“肮脏发臭的狭窄街道，破破烂烂乌漆墨黑的房屋，空气中弥漫着邋遢和贫困的味道，到处都是乞丐、马车夫、补衣匠、草本饮料贩子和戴着旧式礼貌的老绅士。”在圣但尼区，一个名为“奇迹之殿”的反社会团体组织起了城里的乞丐和边缘群体。这个团体的首领便是乞丐之王。[1]美国革命时期，美国哲学家本杰明·富兰克林代表美国出使法国时也曾参加过这些咖啡馆里的讨论。1776年12月，富兰克林被巴黎的犯罪分子盯上了。但曾为刺客的圣殿骑士谢伊·科马克伸手相助，救下了他。富兰克林为了报答谢伊，答应带谢伊一同前往凡尔赛宫。谢伊找到了在宫里碰头的刺客，刺杀了刺客夏尔·多里安，夺走了先行者之盒。[7]1782年，警督蒂鲁·德·夸纳（Thiroux de Crosne）派人将六百万具已经腐烂的尸体从巴黎已经爆满的公墓中迁出，安葬到了巴黎的地下采石场。巴黎地下采石场从此成为巴黎地下陵墓。1783年，第一台热气球飞行器在巴黎进行测试。自路易十六即位到1789年，共有16家新剧院在剧院大道（Boulevard des théâtres）上开张。[1]
法国大革命时期编辑
18世纪80年代，法国参与了美国独立战争。战争带来的开销与皇室成员奢侈无度的生活导致法国来到了经济崩溃的边缘。1784年，围绕巴黎的农民-将军之墙开始修建，意在向出入城市的货物征收通行费。这一时期，路易十六的侄子，奥尔良公爵路易·腓力二世负债累累。住在皇家宫殿里的他在宫殿的拱廊里开办了60家商店，以此来偿还他的债务。赌场、剧院、咖啡馆与妓院涌入皇宫，皇家宫殿一时间成为了知识分子对王权辩论的中心。[1]
1774年前后，身为圣者的银匠弗朗索瓦-托马·日耳曼看到了自己前世的人生。之后，他进入了雅克·德·莫莱的密室，找到了《认知之父圣典》。明白自己与德·莫莱之间存在某种关联之后，身为圣殿骑士组织巴黎分册成员的日耳曼试图改革圣殿骑士组织，让圣殿骑士组织重返阴影并推翻法国国王的统治。但最高大师弗朗索瓦·德·拉塞尔将日耳曼的理念斥为异端，将他逐出了组织。日耳曼与分册组织中数位认同他理念的成员联手，在巴黎的圣殿塔集结。作为日耳曼追随者之一的夏尔·加百列·西韦特招募了本想侍奉德·拉塞尔却遭到无视的乞丐之王。1789年三级会议开始后的晚宴上，这两位日耳曼的追随者在凡尔赛宫合作刺杀了弗朗索瓦·德·拉塞尔。成为新任最高大师的日耳曼开始寻求操纵法国大革命的方法，想让革命按照他所准备的计划发展。[3]
7月12日，在财政总监雅克·内克尔遭到免职之后，又有传言称国王要派军队袭击巴黎，记者卡米尔·德穆兰带人在皇家宫殿发动了起义。两天后，无裤党人在部分军队的帮助下，为了夺得火药而进攻了巴士底狱。亚诺·多里安此时因为被诬陷为谋害弗朗索瓦·德·拉塞尔的凶手而被关押在巴士底狱里。为了救他，埃莉斯·德·拉塞尔也参与了攻占巴士底狱的行动。但在群众进攻巴士底狱的时候，亚诺和曾为亚诺生父夏尔·多里安导师的刺客大师皮耶尔·贝莱克一起趁乱逃出了牢房。两人用信仰之跃从巴士底狱顶部一跃而下，逃出了监狱。随后，愤怒的群众占领了巴士底狱，杀死了巴士底狱的监狱长贝纳-洛奈侯爵。[3]
7月里，新任财政总监约瑟夫·福隆·德·杜耶大量囤积食物，哄抬巴黎食品价格。刺客兄弟会破坏了他的计划，为广大群众打开了杜耶的仓库大门。刺客们还阻止了企图转移食物的杜耶的手下。7月22日，杜耶被愤怒的群众抓住，被绞死在了格列夫广场的路灯上，随后又被砍了头。这一时期，无裤党人组织起了管理城市的巴黎公社，市长由让·西尔万·巴伊担任。[3]
巴黎的妇女游行
即便在国民议会废除法国贵族及教会的特权之后，巴黎的很多人还是在挨饿。1789年10月5日，戴洛瓦涅·德·梅丽古尔带领巴黎大堂的妇女进行了一场向凡尔赛宫进发的游行。听命于日耳曼的圣殿骑士想在游行过程中煽风点火，盯上了梅丽古尔。刺客们保护了梅丽古尔，并破坏了用来对抗群众的火炮。皇室成员因为这场游行而不得不迁回巴黎，住进了杜伊勒里宫。国民议会的驻地就在离杜伊勒里宫不远的马场厅（Salle du Manège）。[3]10月5日夜里，日耳曼刺杀了巴黎最后一个忠于德·拉塞尔的圣殿骑士。在战斗中，埃莉斯不得不跳进塞纳河里，逃得一条生路。[8]
在巴士底狱被攻占之后，国民议会投票决定拆除巴士底狱，用巴士底狱的石料来修建波旁宫到杜伊勒里花园之间的革命桥。许多政治俱乐部为了向人民群众进行宣传而先后在巴黎开办。日后被圣殿骑士吸纳的雅各宾派也是在这一时期兴起的，总部设于雅各宾修道院。巴士底狱被攻占一年后，为了巩固国王、国民议会与人民群众之间的团结关系，巴黎于战神广场（Le Champs de Mars）举行了联盟节（Fête de la Fédération），有三十万人参加了这场节日庆祝活动。[1]
1791年，剧院咖啡馆几近破败。咖啡馆经理人，刺客夏洛特·高斯看上了成为了刺客的亚诺·多里安，让他来担任咖啡馆的新老板。While renovating the building, Arno fought Les Actes des Apôtres, a royalist faction which targeted the café. The Assassin also bough other cafés in the city to serve as intelligences gathering for the Brotherhood. After obtaining one of them, Arno accomplished contracts on thugs and Templars who controlled boroughs of Paris. At the same time, under the suggestion of Eugène François Vidocq, Arno investigated different murders through the city to arrest the culpables.[3]
圣迹区
After de la Serre's death, the Templars had taken control of Paris, organizing smuggling of precious artifacts. Sivert also racketed nobles and clergymen, offering his protection against the revolutionaries. The Assassin Council tasked Arno to assassinate Sivert in Nôtre-Dame and investigated on the murder of de la Serre. After killing the Templar, the Assassin had the identity of the other de la Serre's murder, the Roi des Thunes. Arno infiltrated the Cour des Miracles and killed him. In his memories, Arno discovered that the two murders worked for a new Grand Master. With the help of the Marquis de Sade, who became the new King of Beggars, Arno found out that the weapon used to kill his adoptive father was created by Germain. Arno went in the silversmith's shop to interrogate him. Seeing that Arno didn't known he was a Templar, Germain manipulated Arno and told him that it was Chrétien Lafrenière who asked him to forged the weapon and that he prepared an attack. The Assassin followed this lead and destroyed the gunpowder stock of Lafrenière in the Halle aux Blés. At the night, Arno killed Lafrenière in the old Holy Innocents' Cemetery, during a reunion with Templars who were loyal to de la Serre. Arno understood his mistake after seeing that Lafrenière tried to save the Grand Master.[3]
After the death of Lafrenière, Germain and his followers organized their plan to starve the population of Paris and overthrown the King. They also planned to kill Élise de la Serre. Arno, who eavesdropped the meeting, saved Élise from the radical Templars. The two step-siblings decided to investigate together de la Serre's death with the help of the Brotherhood. Élise revealed to Arno that Germain was a Templar and they found proof that he was the mastermind of the plot. While Arno wanted to inform the Mentor Mirabeau about that, Pierre Bellec killed the Mentor to impeach the peace between the Templars and the Assassins. After discovering that, Arno was forced to fight Bellec in the Sainte-Chapelle and finish him after wounding his mentor. With two of their members dead, the Council refused to ally with Élise and Arno was forbidden to investigate the murder of de la Serre.[3] Mirabeau was buried in the church St Genevieve, which became the Panthéon, a secular mausoleum for the great men and women of the nation.[1]
In June 1791, the Royal family tried to flee Paris to Varennes to begin a counter revolution, but they were recognized in the tavern and were forced to return in the city. This act angered the population and a manifestation against the King occured in the Tuileries which were repressed by the Marquis de la Fayette.[1] In 1792, as France entered in war against the Austrian Empire, the Parisian population was suspicious about the real intention of the King. Furthermore, the city was starving because of the actions of Marie Lévesque and Madame Flavigny, two Templars working for Germain. Théroigne de Méricourt investigated on the food hoarding and with the help of the Assassins stopped a part of before the members of the Brotherhood assassinated Flavigny.[3] In June, the Sans-Culottes broke in the Palace of Tuileries and forced the King to wear a phrygian cap and to toast the nation with a glass of wine.[1]
Tuileries under attack
The 9 August, the Commune of Paris led by the Jacobins took the arms against the King, and the 10 August, stormed the Tuileries Palace. The King fled the palace while the Swiss Guards fought the crowd. As the King was in possession of letters from the late Mentor Mirabeau, the Council sent Arno in the Palace to destroy the documents before they fell in the wrong hands. During his searching in the palace, Arno encountered Napoleon Bonaparte, an soldier who looking for a key which can open an Isu Temple in Saint-Denis possessed by the King. The two accomplished their task before fleing the palace as Frédéric Rouille, one of Germain's follower, arrived to recover document which proved the alliance between the King and the Austrians.[3] As the King arrived in the Salle du Manège, the Constitutionnal Assembly declared the monarchy illegal and the royal family was arrested and sent to the Temple of Paris.[1]
With no king, the Constitutionnal Assembly became the National Convention with a strong influence of the Commune of Paris. An Austrian spy ring led by the Comte de Gambais and Vicomte de Gambais tried to prepare an invasion of Paris by the Austrian forces. The 2 September, the Minister of Justice Georges Danton delivered a speech before the Convention, calling for "more audacity" in the face of overwhelming odds against Austria. After the speech, Danton lured one of the spy in the trap but the spy tried to kill Danton. Two Assassins saved Danton and killed the two leaders of the spy ring. With a treat of an royalist uprising in Paris, political leader as Jean-Paul Marat called the population to slaughter royalist-affiliated and the prisonners in the city. The September Massacres began in the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés and spread through Paris, as in the the Salpêtrière Hospital or the Château de la Tournelle. Frédéric Rouille led the attack on the Grand Châtelet, killing and decapitating the warden's brother. Arno infiltrated the prison and assassinated Rouille without the permission of the Council. Thousand of persons were killed in Paris during the massacre. Some weeks later, the Crown Jewel were stolen by thief and smuggling through the city.[3]
Under the Republic, many monuments in Paris had their names changed to erase the royal legacy of France. The Place Royale became the Place des Vosges, the Place Louis XV became Place de la Révolution and the Plais-Royale became the Palais-Égalité. During the month of October, Marie Lévesque continued to hoard the grain entering in the city and stored it under the Luxembourg Palace to accuse the royal family to starving the population. Arno and Élise worked together to ruin her plan. During the party in the Luxembourg Palace, while Élise tried to move the grain, Arno assassinated Lévesque before her guests. The two flew the guards on the rooftops of the city with a hot-air balloon.[3]
Execution of Louis XVI
The 11 December began the trial of the King, judged by the National Convention. With the proof obtained by Rouille, the Templars had no difficulties to show Louis as an ennemy of the Revolution. On 15 January 1793, the King was declared guilty of conspiracy against public freedom and five days later was sentenced to death thank to the Templar Louis-Michel le Peletier who casted the decisive vote. After the vote, a party was organized in the Palais-Égalité to celebrate the execution of the King, with Le Peletier as one of the guest. Arno infiltrated the palace and killed the Templar. In his memories, Arno discovered that Germain would be at the execution. The morning of 21 January, the place of the Revolution was arranged with a scaffold and a guillotine, with Charles-Henri Sanson overseeing the execution the execution. The population amassed in the place to see the death of the King. Arno and Élise separate to search Germain in the crowd. The Assassin found first Germain who explained to Arno that his plan was succeeded and after that the King will die a New Order will come. As the blade fell on the neck of the King and the crowd exulted, Germain flew the place after ordering his guards to kill Arno. Élise helped Arno and ordered him to follow Germain but he refused to let her alone. As their target escaped, Élise decided to stop working with Arno to avenge their father death. The Assassin was also expelled from the Brotherhood for killing Templars without the permission of the Council and creating disorder during the King's execution. Louis XVI was buried in the Church of the Madeleine.[3]
With the death of the King, Paris prepared itself for the attack of the european nations. Many churches were transformed in gunpowder storings. The Louvre was transformed in a museum and the Assassins stole masterpieces which were kept by nobles in the Luxembourg Palace. In the National Convention, the rivality increased between the Montagnards, who wanted to stop the war, and the Girondins, who wanted to continue the war but were more moderate on the Revolution. In 2 June 1793, the leader of the Montagnards Maximilien de Robespierre, who was a Templar working for Germain, ordered to the Commander General of the Paris National Guard François Hanriot to arrest the Girondins with the help of the Commune of Paris. The Assassins saved some of them before they were arrested and helped them to flee the city. As Jean-Paul Marat called for the murder of Girondins, Charlotte Corday, a sympathizer of the Girondins, assassinated him in his bath the 13th July. Arno Dorian investigated on the murder and arrested Corday who was executed four days later. Marat became a martyr of the Republic and was buried in the Panthéon. During the same month, the Templar General Marcourt plotted with other Templars a Coup d'État against the Convention to accelerate the Revolution in France. They organized a tournament in Paris to recruit soldiers for the coup. One of the conspirators was Thomas-Alexandre Dumas, an ally of the Brotherhood. He tasked a group of Assassins to infiltrated the tournament, winning the challenges and killing Marcourt and his allies in the Invalides.[3]
In September, Robespierre and the Templars increased their control on France with the Reign of Terror. The Law of suspects permitted to arrest and judge anyone who were accused to be a counter revolutionary. During this month, the Templars arrested Jacques Roux, the leader of the Enragés, a radical revolutionary movement which advocated for food riots and more executions. They wanted to use him in the case of Robespierre fall. Many execution occured in the city. As the prison of Paris were full of suspects, like the Conciergerie or the Grand Châtelet, many monument were turned in prison, as the Palace du Luxembourg or the Collège des Quatre Nations. The Revolutionary tribunal was installed in the Palais de Justice of Paris and condemned to death many important persons as Jacques Pierre Brissot, Marie-Jeanne Phlippon Roland, Olympe de Gouges and Philippe Egalité. Most of the executions took place in the place des Grèves or in place de la Révolution. Even the Mayor of Paris Bailly was executed by a mob in the Champs de Mars.[1] In November, the Queen was executed after the Gendarme Jean Gilbert foiled a plan of the Brotherhood to save her. The Assassins killed Gilbert for retribution.[3]
Danton and the Indulgents led to the Guillotine
As the Templars increased their influence in the city, the Assassins stroke back. One of Robespierre's spies, Didier Paton, discovered that the French government was infiltrated by the Templars and made a list of them, without knowing his master was one of them. He was condemned to death. The Assassins took his book and saved Paton who became an member of the Brotherhood. In February 1794, the Templars wanted to released Roux to increase the Terror. A team of Assassins failed to kill Roux in the Salpêtrière Hospital. A second team saved the first one and managed to eliminate the leader of the Enragés. Later, one of Jacques Roux's lieutenant tried to create a riot in the Hôtel de Cluny. The Assassins killed him. In March, Robespierre made arrested the Exagérés, led by Jacques Hébert, who wanted to further the Terror, and the Indulgents, led by Danton et Desmoulins, who wanted to stop the Terror. The Exagérés were executed and the 4 April, the Indulgents were led to the guillotine. The Assassins tried to save Danton but he accepted to sacrifice himself and asked them to save his friends who weren't arrested. The Assassins accomplished the mission. The same day, the Assassin killed Andrés de Guzmán, who participated in the fall of Girondists. In May, the Templars revealed that Mirabeau had a correspondence with the King and wanted to expose his ties with the Assassins by opening his vault in the Panthéon. Two Assassins took the relics of the Mentor before the Templars could recover its.[3]
The 8 June, Robespierre organized the festival of Supreme Being in the Champs de Mars. Arno and Élise resumed their partnership to stop Germain and his followers. Élise poisonned Robespierre beverage with ergot to make him look like a mad man and Arno stole a list of member wrote by the Templar and delivered it to the ennemies of Robespierre. Believing that Robespierre wanted to execute them, the Convention arrested him the 27 July. The Commune of Paris rose against the Convention and saved Robespierre who took refuge in the Hôtel de Ville. Arno and Élise infiltrated the building and interrogated the Templar. After Élise shot in the jaw, Robespierre wrote that Germain was hidding in the Temple. The troops of the Convention captured Robespierre and his follower as Louis Antoine de Saint-Just and Hanriot and were executed on the place de la Revolution. At the same time, Théroigne de Méricourt led an attack on the Jacobin convent where Templars prepared their flee. A team of Assassins helped Méricourt to enter the convent and killed the Jacobin leaders. Arno and Élise confronted Germain in Jacques de Molay's vault under the Temple. The Sage used against them the Sword of Eden hid by Jacques de Molay's advisor. During the fight, a blast from the sword killed Élise and wounded Germain. Arno finished the Sage but even with his death, Germain claimed that in plan to control the population would succeed.[3]
Napoleon during the 13 Vendémaire
With the end of Terror, the royalists returned in Paris to prepared a coup against the Republic. Arno, who was reintroduced in the Brotherhood, helped the French Army to foil some of royalist plots. The 5 October 1795, twenty-five thousand royalists organized an uprising against the Convention. Before the Saint-Roch, with five thousand troops, Napoleon Bonaparte fired on the mob with grapeshot, taking the victory on the royalists. François-Joseph Carbon, one of the royalists, took a shot in the face but survived and decided to prepare his revenge against Napoleon. The event was known as the 13 Vendémiaire.[3]
Under the Directory, the new Legislative body, the Council of Five Hundred, was installed in the Palais Bourbon. The Templars tried to infiltrate the Council to restore the Terror. Arno killed the Templars before they could be elected. After his campaign in Egypt, Napoleon returned in Paris with a Apple of Eden, an Isu artifact which could control minds of individuals. The 9 November 1799, with his troops and the Apple, Napoleon organized a Coup d’État in the Tuileries against the Council of the Ancient which recognized as the First Consul of France and promulgated the Consulate, ending the French Revolution.[3]
19世纪编辑
Taking the power, Napoleon became a target for the royalists in Paris. François-Joseph Carbon, who wated to take his revenge for the 13 Vendémaire and organized the assassination of the First Consul. The 24 December 1800, they placed in the rue Saint-Nicaise an explosive device, the Infernal Machine, which would kill Bonaparte on his way for the opera. The Assassins, learning about the plot, killed the snipers before they could shoot on the Machine but one of them succeeded, killing 22 persons in the street without hurting Napoleon. While the Gendarmes investigated around the explosion, the Assassins tracked Carbon and his men and killed them.[3]
In 1801, Bonaparte offered the Luxembourg Palace to the French Senate. In 1804, the First Consul became the Emperor of France and was sacred in Nôtre-Dame as Napoleon I. In 1808, Napoleon ordered the destruction of the Grand Châtelet and the Temple. During the destruction of the last one, Arno entered in de Molay vault and recovered the remains of Germain and hid them in the catacombs.[3]
After the fall of the Empire in 1815, the monarchy was restored but a revolution in 1830 expelled the Bourbon from France, establishing the Orleans on the throne of France. In 1840, Napoleon I's remains were installed in the Invalides. In 1848, another revolution ended forever the Kingdom of France and installing a Second Republic which became an empire with Napoleon III, nephew of Napoleon I. In 1866, the architect Victor Baltard completed his massive glass and iron market pavilions in les Halles. His construction served as a model for the other cities in Europe. In 1870, The French Empire lost the war against Prussia, Napoleon III abdicated and the Third Republic was proclaimed. The population of Paris wanted to continue the war and established once again the Commune in the city. During the fight opposing the Commune and the Republicans, two major buildings were burned, the Hôtel de Ville and the Palace of Tuileries, the latter monument was completely erased.[1]
Paris during the Belle Epoque era
In the latter part of the century, in the Belle Epoque era, Paris became famous as the City of Light and grew in size and economic power thanks to technological advances. Millions of tourists came in Paris to see the 1889 World's Fair and the new Eiffel Tower. Paris became the cultural capital of the world but anarchist groups organized terrorist attacks in the cafés and cabarets of the city. In 1898 began the construction of Paris Metro which was finish in 1900.[1] Sometime towards the end of the 19th century, the Hermeticist Samuel Liddell Mathers, accompanied by the disembodied being of William Robert Woodman, met one of the Secret Chiefs in Paris. The Chief, who wore a ring marked with the Templar insignia, informed Mathers that his Order's partnership with the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn had ended.[9]
20世纪编辑
Paris during World War II
In the 20th century, Paris suffered bombardment in World War I and German occupation from 1940 until 1944 during World War II. Between the two wars, Paris was the capital of modern art and a magnet for intellectuals, writers and artists from around the world. During the Nazi occupation, the Eiffel Tower became an symbolic battleground. The leader of Germany, Adolf Hitler, ordered its destruction but it was never done and Nazi banners were put on the tower. In 1944, the US fighter pilot Captain William Overstreet attacked a German plane over Paris. The German pilot tried to flee by flying close to the Eiffel Tower but he crashed his plane. Few months later, Paris was liberated with the rest of France after the Normandy landings, ending the Nazi occupation.[1]
In the 1970's, Baltard's les Halles was pulled down and replaced by a concrete jungle where a glass canopy was installed in the 2010's.[1]
现代编辑
In November 2013, the Templars acquired the corpse of John Standish, a Sage who worked in Abstergo Entertainment before be killed after he tried to use the body of an employee as a physical vessel for his lover, the Isu Juno. Using his genetic material, Abstergo Industries maintained a secret laboratory in Paris led by the Templar Álvaro Gramática for the purpose of the Phoenix Project: cloning members of the Isu Civilization to understand and control the pieces of Eden. As the Templars searched for other Sages, Abstergo Entertainment explored the memories of Arno Dorian to discover the remains of Germain.[3] At the end of the year 2014, Templar initiate known as the Journeyman was sent to Paris to explore the Sainte-Chapelle to find secrets on the location of the Sage.[10]
In October 2014, a team of Assassins led by Gavin Banks entered in the laboratory and destroyed the genetic material and the research of Abstergo.[3] During the attack, the Assassin Galina Voronina destroyed the original Shroud of Eden by launching a grenade on Gramática, who survived thank to the Shroud.[11] In November, Eric Cooper set up an Assassin headquarters in Paris to help infiltrate a data hub for the Helix, Abstergo Entertainment's upcoming cloud-based game service.[12]
行政区划编辑
During the French Revolution, Paris was divided in seven districts.
西堤岛区编辑
- 主要词条: Île de la Cité
Situated at the center of the city, the Île de la Cité is one of the oldest district of Paris with a medieval architecture. Sorounded by the Seine River, the district is composed of two islands: the Île de la Cité and the Île Saint-Louis. Its most notable landmarks are the Palais de Justice and the Notre-Dame cathedral. It was also the district were the Assassin Brotherhood established their headquarters, under the Café Théâtre in the Île Saint-Louis.[3]
比埃伍尔区编辑
- 主要词条: La Bièvre
Named after the Bièvre river that ran through it, the district is known for the multitude of tanneries and workshops. The area is also known for its extremely poverty. Its most notable landmarks are the Panthéon and the Salpêtrière Hospital.[3]
卢浮宫区编辑
- 主要词条: Le Louvre
During the French Revolution, the Louvre district became the political center of France with the royal residence of the Tuileries Palace and the Louvre, the Salle du Manège where the National Assembly met and the Palais-Royal where politicians and intellectuals discussed of the news in France. The Louvre district is also famous for the Gardens of Tuileries and the Place de la Révolution where many important figures as Louis XVI and Robespierre were guillotined.[3]
玛莱区编辑
- 主要词条: Le Marais
One of the richiest district of Paris, Le Marais counting many hôtel particuliers from the french nobility. The Hôtel de Ville is the center of the political power of the city. Contrasting with its french classical architecture, two medieval fortress of the Temple and the Bastille were still standing in the late 18th century, before been destroyed during the French Revolution.[3]
拉丁区编辑
- 主要词条: Le Quartier Latin
The Latin district, or Le Quartier Latin in French, is the intellectual and scientific center of Paris with the College of the Four Nations, the Sorbonne, the Observatory and the Café Procope. The district is also famous for the Luxembourg Palace and its gardens.[3]
荣军院区编辑
- 主要词条: Les Invalides (district)
The most rural part of the city, Les Invalides district comprised military buildings as the École Militaire and the Invalides hospital and the troops used Le Champ de Mars for military exercises. Les Invalides is also the home of the Palais Bourbon where the Five-Hundred Council meet.[3]
巴黎之腹编辑
- 主要词条: Ventre de Paris
Known as the belly of Paris, this popular district is comprised by many markets like les Halles with the Halle aux Blés. At the north of the district, the Cour des Miracles gathers the poors, beggars and prostitutes under the control of the Roi des Thunes.[3]
琐闻趣事编辑
- The sewers of Paris in Unity are anachronistic as they are based on the 19th century sewers.
画廊编辑
出现作品编辑
- Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy （首次登场）
- Assassin's Creed: Rogue
- Assassin's Creed: Unity
- Assassin's Creed: Unity novel
- Assassin's Creed: Syndicate （仅在数据库条目中提到）
- Assassin's Creed: Heresy
参考与来源编辑
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 《刺客信条：团结》- 数据库
- ↑ 《刺客信条：团结》-《列王陵》
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29 3.30 《刺客信条：团结》
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 《刺客信条：传承计划》- 神圣科学：第一章－玛丽亚·埃米尔
- ↑ 《刺客信条：异端》
- ↑ 《刺客信条：传承计划》- 刺客契约
- ↑ 《刺客信条：叛变》
- ↑ 《刺客信条：团结》小说
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy – Divine Science: Chapter 4 - Frater V.O.V.
- ↑ Assassin's Creed Unity: Abstergo Entertainment – Employee Handbook
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Syndicate
- ↑ Twitter - AC: Initiates
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