（翻译中。） 标签：可视化编辑 |
（翻译中。） 标签：可视化编辑 |
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==历史== |
==历史== |
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===起源=== |
===起源=== |
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| + | 君士坦丁堡始建于公元前658年，当时名为拜占庭，坐落在如今{{Wiki|Seven hills of Istanbul|伊斯坦布尔七座山丘}}的第一座山丘上，是一个规模不大的城邦城市。城市的建立者名为拜占斯，是一名虔诚的士兵，根据[[德尔菲]]的[[Pythia|阿波罗神谕]]而选择在此建立城市。[[金角湾]]便是拜占庭建立之时已有的天然港口。<ref name="ACR Database">《[[刺客信条：启示录]]》- [[Database: Constantinople|数据库：君士坦丁堡]]</ref> |
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| − | The city began in 658 BCE as Byzantium, a modest city-state situated on {{Wiki|Seven hills of Istanbul|First Hill}}. It was founded by [[Byzas]], a devout soldier who had chosen the location based on a promising prophecy uttered by the [[Pythia|Oracle of Apollo]] at [[Sanctuary of Delphi|Delphi]]. The [[Golden Horn]] served as a natural port for the city.<ref name="ACR Database">''[[Assassin's Creed: Revelations]]'' – [[Database: Constantinople]]</ref> |
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| + | 据说拜占庭是一个略显混乱的港口城镇，但却因为周边大量的蛮族部落而被视作[[希腊]]文明的“孤岛”。随着时间流逝，因拜占庭同时为[[斯巴达]]人、[[马其顿]]人、[[雅典]]人与[[罗马人]]控制，城市的居民以及统治者也变得多种多样。公元前408年，雅典将军[[阿尔西比亚狄斯]]为了控制波斯船只在博斯普鲁斯海峡的行动而下令在拜占庭与克里梭波利斯（Chrysopolis，今土耳其于斯屈达尔）之间修建了一座[[Maiden's Tower|塔楼]]。<ref name="ACR Database"/> |
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| − | Reportedly a rowdy port town, Byzantium was nevertheless considered an "island" of [[Greece|Hellenic]] civilization due to the many barbarian tribes that surrounded it. As time went on, both the city's inhabitants and its rulers diversified, with [[Sparta]]ns, [[Macedonia]]ns, [[Athens|Athenians]], and [[Romans]] all having controlled Byzantium at one point. In 408 BCE, the Athenian general [[Alkibiades]] ordered the construction of a [[Maiden's Tower|tower]] between Byzantium and Chrysopolis in order to control the movements of the Persian ships in the Bosphorus.<ref name="ACR Database"/> |
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===拜占庭帝国统治时期=== |
===拜占庭帝国统治时期=== |
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| + | 公元324年，罗马皇帝[[君士坦丁一世]]据称是受神迹启发，将[[罗马帝国]]的首都迁至拜占庭，在拜占庭重建、扩建了[[君士坦丁广场]]等众多广场。他还扩建了拜占庭的[[竞技场（君士坦丁堡）|竞技场]]。他还下令修建拜占庭城内第一座教堂——[[Hagia Eirene|神圣和平教堂]]。随着建筑工程在公元330年全部完成，他将城市改名称为“''Nova Roma Constantinopolitana''”，即“君士坦丁之城，新罗马”。于是，民间便将这座城市称为“君士坦丁诺波利斯”（Constantinopolis）或“新罗马”（New Rome），而城市的统治者则仍将自己视为居住于东罗马帝国的罗马人。<ref name="ACR Database"/> 在君士坦丁统治时期，[[无形者]]的一名[[罗马刺客（公元四世纪）|成员]]曾于此活动。 |
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| − | In 324 CE, the Roman Emperor [[Constantine I]], supposedly inspired by a vision from God, moved the capital of the [[Roman Empire]] to Byzantium, which he then rebuilt and expanded with [[Forum of the Ox|many]] [[Forum of Theodosius|fora]] as the [[Forum of Constantine]]. He also expanded the [[Hippodrome of Constantinople|Hippodrome]] of the city. He also ordered the constrution of the first church of the city, the [[Hagia Eirene]]. When construction was finished in 330 CE, he had the city rechristened ''Nova Roma Constantinopolitana'', or "New Rome, City of Constantine". Colloquially, it came to be known as both "Constantinopolis" and "New Rome", as the rulers still considered themselves Romans living in the Eastern Roman Empire.<ref name="ACR Database"/> During the reign of Constantine, a [[Roman Assassin|member]] of the [[Hidden Ones]] was active in the city.<ref name"ACU">''[[Assassin's Creed: Unity]]''</ref> |
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Around 361 CE, the Emperor [[Julian (emperor)|Julian]] built an [[Harbor of Julian]] close to the Hippodrome and the Great Palace. In 375 CE, [[Valens]] began the construction an [[Valens Aqueduct|aqueduct]] through the city.<ref name="ACR Database"/> |
Around 361 CE, the Emperor [[Julian (emperor)|Julian]] built an [[Harbor of Julian]] close to the Hippodrome and the Great Palace. In 375 CE, [[Valens]] began the construction an [[Valens Aqueduct|aqueduct]] through the city.<ref name="ACR Database"/> |
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君士坦丁堡（拜占庭希腊语：Konstantinoupolis ，拉丁语：Constantinopolis或Byzantium ，土耳其语：Kostantiniyye ，英语：Constantinople），现名伊斯坦布尔（土耳其语：İstanbul ，英语：Istanbul），曾是拜占庭帝国的首都，后随着1453年被奥斯曼军队攻陷，于1458年成为奥斯曼帝国的首都。
作为世界上绝无仅有的跨越两大洲的大城市，君士坦丁堡在文艺复兴时期还一度成为欧洲最大、最富饶的城市。整座城市包括四片区域：康斯坦丁区、巴耶济德区、帝王区与加拉达区。
历史
起源
君士坦丁堡始建于公元前658年，当时名为拜占庭，坐落在如今伊斯坦布尔七座山丘的第一座山丘上，是一个规模不大的城邦城市。城市的建立者名为拜占斯，是一名虔诚的士兵，根据德尔菲的阿波罗神谕而选择在此建立城市。金角湾便是拜占庭建立之时已有的天然港口。[1]
据说拜占庭是一个略显混乱的港口城镇，但却因为周边大量的蛮族部落而被视作希腊文明的“孤岛”。随着时间流逝，因拜占庭同时为斯巴达人、马其顿人、雅典人与罗马人控制，城市的居民以及统治者也变得多种多样。公元前408年，雅典将军阿尔西比亚狄斯为了控制波斯船只在博斯普鲁斯海峡的行动而下令在拜占庭与克里梭波利斯（Chrysopolis，今土耳其于斯屈达尔）之间修建了一座塔楼。[1]
拜占庭帝国统治时期
公元324年，罗马皇帝君士坦丁一世据称是受神迹启发，将罗马帝国的首都迁至拜占庭，在拜占庭重建、扩建了君士坦丁广场等众多广场。他还扩建了拜占庭的竞技场。他还下令修建拜占庭城内第一座教堂——神圣和平教堂。随着建筑工程在公元330年全部完成，他将城市改名称为“Nova Roma Constantinopolitana”，即“君士坦丁之城，新罗马”。于是，民间便将这座城市称为“君士坦丁诺波利斯”（Constantinopolis）或“新罗马”（New Rome），而城市的统治者则仍将自己视为居住于东罗马帝国的罗马人。[1] 在君士坦丁统治时期，无形者的一名成员曾于此活动。
Around 361 CE, the Emperor Julian built an Harbor of Julian close to the Hippodrome and the Great Palace. In 375 CE, Valens began the construction an aqueduct through the city.[1]
From May to July 381 CE, the First Council of Constantinople took place in Hagia Irene.[1]
The Emperor Theodosius I made many construction in the city. He transported an Egyptian obelisk from Alexandria to the Hippodrome of Constantinople. He also expanded the Harbor of Harbor of Eleutherios which became the Harbor of Theodosius. In 393 CE, he rebuilt the Forum Tauri which also took his name. In 403 CE, his successor and son Arcadius also built a forum.[1]
In 455 CE, the Emperor Marcian erected a column for his glory.[1]
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Constantinople served as the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, as well as a beacon of Christianity, while the West experienced barbarian attacks and economic hardship.[1]
At the beginning of the 6th century, the Emperor Anastasius I Dicorus built the Cistern of Mocius on the Seventh Hill of Constantinople.[1]
After the Nikia riots in 532 CE, the Emperor Justinian I rebuilt the Hagia Sophia and Hagia Eirene. The Church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus was built during his reign. He also transformed a roman basilica in a cistern for the Byzantine palace complex.[1]
Nevertheless, the city suffered its share of turmoil as well; in 1204, mass riots against the Emperor occurred, following which French and Venetian Crusaders invaded and sacked Constantinople. As a result, Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad, Mentor of the Levantine Assassins, could not carry out his intentions of introducing the Assassin Brotherhood to the city and was forced to retreat.[2]
Captured by the invaders, Constantinople became part of the Latin Empire, leading to an influx of Venetian and Genoese merchants that settled on the south and north side of the Golden Horn respectively. In 1258, an Assassins Guild was established in the city by Niccolò and Maffeo Polo, who had come from the Assassin fortress of Masyaf. They also hid the five Masyaf Keys given to them by Altaïr in the Yerebatan Cistern, the Maiden's Tower, beneath the Forum of the Ox, Galata Tower and what would become Topkapı Palace.[3]
In 1261, Michael VIII Palaiologos, Greek heir to the Byzantine throne, marched on Constantinople and, after a decisive victory, managed to reclaim it. Yet, the recaptured city was struggling to survive; the Empire possessed but a mere fraction of its former land and power. Although Constantinople still flourished culturally, its population rapidly dwindled, leaving it an easy target for the continually expanding Ottoman Empire. The Byzantine Emperors attempted to get help from leaders in Western Europe, but ongoing wars and the complicated feelings held by the Catholic west concerning their Orthodox cousins led only to a series of half-hearted gestures and weak alliances.[1]
奥斯曼帝国统治时期
In 1453, Constantinople was besieged by Sultan Mehmet II and his army. Although Byzantine Emperor Constantine XI Palaiologos managed to hold the city for 54 days, he and his forces were eventually defeated by the attackers, thanks to the Apple of Eden in Mehmet's possession.[4] Once Constantinople had officially come under Ottoman control, the Turks made it their priority to restore the city to its former glory, with the Sultans being tolerant of different religions. As a result, Constantinople became attractive to all kinds of people, causing the population to grow once more. It was also around this period that the city began to be called Istanbul by many of its residents.[1]
During the Renaissance, at some point between 1501 and 1507, the Doge of Venice, along with Sultan Bayezid II, sought to ally their considerable naval powers through a free trade treaty. However, the Templars were wary of any peace between the two, and became intent on interfering with their alliance. The Borgia family dispatched a force of mercenaries to disrupt the agreement, but they were quickly intercepted by members of the Italian Brotherhood of Assassins, who set their ship aflame before they could depart.[5][6]
By 1509, the Templars had began to relocate themselves to Constantinople due to their defeat in Italy and the disruption of their activities throughout Western Europe. The Templars formed a faction known as the Stewards of Byzantium and attempted to seize control of the city in the wake of Bayezid's absence, due to his civil war with his son Selim.[3]
During this year, an earthquake uncovered one of the Masyaf Keys hidden beneath Topkapı Palace. Two years later, after traveling to Masyaf to research his Assassin heritage, Ezio Auditore da Firenze, Mentor of the Italian Assassins, arrived in Constantinople to retrieve the other Keys before the Templars. His leadership enabled the Assassins to reclaim their dens from the Byzantines and liberated most of the shops from their control, much as he had in Rome, as well as training several Assassins to the rank of Master Assassin through the assassination of key Templar agents. However, when Selim took control of the throne, he banished Ezio from Constantinople,[3] though allowed him one final visit to the city to sort out his affairs, by request of his son Suleiman.[7]
琐闻趣事
- Bernardo Baroncelli, one of the Pazzi conspirators, fled to Constantinople following the failed attempt to take over Florence.
- In Assassin's Creed: Revelations, the city was slightly smaller than Rome was in Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood, but it had more buildings, and was more densely populated.
- Alexandre Amancio, the Creative Director of the Assassin's Creed series, stated at E3 that Constantinople is a "really cool metaphor for Ezio meeting Altaïr", citing the fact that half of Constantinople was in Europe, and the other in Asia.
- It was also stated by Darby McDevitt that Constantinople would be a meaningful meeting of Ezio and Altaïr as the city itself was formerly under Christian control, then Muslim, which suited Altaïr and Ezio as the former hailed from a Muslim culture in Syria and the latter hailed from a Christian Italy.
- Constantinople was originally meant to be included in Assassin's Creed. [来源请求]
- In Assassin's Creed: Revelations, it is only possible to explore the section of the city within the Wall of Constantine and Galata, despite the fact that the Wall of Constantine had been superseded by the Theodosian Walls almost a thousand years beforehand and little remained of it. The rest of the city, which is wholly inaccessible, can be seen from high locations such as top of the Galata Tower and the minarets of the Fatih Camii.
画廊
.jpg "Imageassassinscreedreve (2).jpg (5.25 MB)")
登场作品
- Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy （仅提及）
- Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood （仅提及）
- Assassin's Creed: Revelations （首次登场）
- Assassin's Creed: Revelations novel
- Assassin's Creed: Recollection （仅提及）
- Assassin's Creed: Odyssey （仅提及，作为Byzantium）
参考与来源
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 《刺客信条：启示录》- 数据库：君士坦丁堡
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: The Secret Crusade
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Assassin's Creed: Revelations
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Recollection
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Project Legacy
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood
- ↑ Assassin's Creed: Revelations (novel)
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