Changes: Historical Locations

Revision as of 05:10, 30 August 2019

Historical Locations is a map overlay feature of Layla Hassan's Animus HR 8.5. It provided extra context to some of the landmarks visited by Kassandra during the Peloponnesian War while Layla was reliving Kassandra's memories.

Locations

Achaia

Nestled in the mountains, Boura was either named for Ion’s daughter or the centaur Dexamenos, who owned cattle there. A site nearby was used to learn about the future by throwing knucklebones.

As the most prominent city in the region, Patrai was used as a naval base during the Peloponnesian War. It was also known for having twice as many women as men in its population.

Pellene has the distinction of being the first city in Achaia to join Sparta in the Peloponnesian War in 431 BCE.

Argolis

Agamemnon may have been king of Mycenae and commander of United Greek armies in the Trojan War, but he had a less-than-glorious homecoming. While at a banquet, he was killed by his own wife's lover.

The oldest sanctuaries in the city were built on two akropolises (sic) and housed the temples of Athena Polias, Zeus Larisaios, Hera Akraia, and Apollo Pythaios, which was connected to the Bloody Oracle.

Apollo Maleatas and Asklepios shared this sacred place on Mount Kynortion. Starting in the eighth century BCE, people worshipped Apollo as both a physician and as Asklepios's father.

Founded at the foot of two akropolises (sic), Argos has been occupied since prehistoric times. Praised for its heroes, it gained great fame in the fifth century BCE for its talented sculptors.

Asine was destroyed in the seventh century BCE by the Argives for helping Sparta in their war against Argos. After its demise, the Spartans gave Asine citizens compensatory land in Messenia.

This bandit from Epidauros attacked unsuspecting travelers with his bronze club. Luckily for them, Theseus killed him while on his return voyage to Attika.

It was said that Medusa's head, which was brought back by Perseus, was found in a mound of earth near the Argos agora.

Wrongly accused by his stepmother, Phaidra, Theseus's son died while driving his chariot by the sea. Desiring his son's death, Theseus called on Poseidon, who sent a sea monster.

It is said that when Herakles put down his wild olive-wood club in Argolis, it took root and began to sprout leaves.

Epidauros was strategically placed between Athens and Argos as an entry point for pilgrims. The would travel from all over Greece to the nearby healing sanctuary of Asklepios.

On a rocky hill in the Argive plains, "mighty-walled" Tiryns was the second most important site in the Mycenaean world. Linked with Herakles, it had a palace, Cyclopean walls, and tunnels.

Founded in the ninth century BCE on a hillside, the sanctuary of Hera houses many buildings. The oldest temple dedicated to this goddess, protector of the city, was burned in 423 BCE by Chrysis.

Despite the lake's calm look, it was known for draining its swimmers out the bottom. Just southwest from here, Herakles killed the Hydra, cauterizing its necks to prevent its heads from growing back.

Home of King Agamemnon, Mycenae was one of the oldest cities in Greece. Dating from the third millennium BCE, it’s said its walls were the work of Cyclopes. It was abandoned in the fifth century BCE.

Attika

This altar dedicated to the twelve gods seems to have served as a place of refuge and a topographical point of reference. Herodotos used it to give sample distances.

The mint is the place where coins are struck into creation. Round metal disks were prepared and then struck between two matrices to make a coin. Athens' coinage was the most plentiful in Greece.

Known for its caryatids, this temple was dedicated to Poseidon, Athena, and two legendary kings, Erechtheus and Ketrops. It was the most significant site of worship at the Akropolis.

Also known as Poulytion's home, this was one of the most beautiful in Athens. It was dedicated to Dionysos after the host was sentenced for performing a parody of the Eleusinian Mysteries.

One of the 170 trades in Athens was marble work. Having become a major hub for marble sculpture, Athens attracted artists from across the Greek world. Their protector was Athena Ergane.

Official documents, including the list of military contingents, were posted on this monument dedicated to the eponymous heroes of Athens.

This cenotaph was erected of Theseus's son, with whom Phaidra, his father's wife, fell in love. When he rebuffed her, Phaidra accused him of violence, bringing about his death.

The Odeon showed musical performances and was modeled after the Persian king Xerxes' tent, which was brought back as plunder. It was the largest building in Athens and the first theater to receive a roof.

The boat that was used during the Panathenaic processions was kept near the Areopagus. Equipped with wheels for the occasion, it was pulled like a parade float.

Built to the glory of Athens' protector, the Parthenon housed the gold and ivory statue of Athena, made by Phidias. Made of Pentelic marble, the structure held the city's and Delian League's riches.

Before Piraeus, the Phaleron port was used during the Greco-Persian Wars, but it was mainly known as the place where Athenians set out for the Trojan War.

Situated on a hill, this was where Athenians gathered for assemblies. Decrees were ratified budgets voted on, and administration members appointed. It was where citizens could have a voice.

This gateway marked the entrance of the Akropolis sanctuary. Constructed of Pentellic marble, it had a central building with five gates and was the end of the Sacred Way. Two wings housed paintings.

In Athens, there were numerous taverns, whose managers were often mocked in the plays of Aristophanes. The wine served in taverns could be red, or rosé, and up to 16% proof.

Erected on a hill, this Doric temple overlooking the agora is dedicated to Hephaistos, god of the forge, and to Athena Ergane, goddess of arts and crafts. A garden adjoined the temple.

This was built inside the god's sanctuary and introduced Greek theater to the heart of the city. The great works of Euripides, Aischylos, Sophokles, and Aristophanes were performed there.

The Vouliagmeni sinkhole, located near the Attika region, was nicknamed "the Devil's Hole."

Elis

Olympic Shipwreck

The Olympic Games drew many travelers, many of whom came by sea. Shipwrecks were frequent and a valid excuse for athletes' late arrivals.

Euboea

Renowned for its metalworking and bronze weapon manufacturing, Chalkis was likely to fall away from Athens during the Peloponnesian War, and had to sign a treaty swearing loyalty to them.

The island was famous for its copper mines. The ore is one the ingredients in the alloy bronze, which was used to make sculptures, domestic items, small coins, and weapons.

This city on the island's west coast was known as the first target during the Persians' raid against Greece. Eretria was violently attacked or six days, with many residents taken to Persia.

Karystos was located at an important meeting point of shipping routes linking the Gulf of Euboea and the Aegean archipelago. It was also known for joining the Persian army in the Persian Wars.

Open-pit mines made ore extraction - done with wedges, pickaxes, and mallets - easier. Once a slab was freed, it could be moved with cranes, pulleys, levers, and rails.

When bought by cities, slaves were used for public services. When bought by private citizens, they did domestic tasks, built buildings, worked in mines and workshops, on farms, or as bankers.

The hollow cast-bronze statue of Zeus or Poseidon—known as the Artemision Bronze—was found off this cape.

This temple dedicated to the goddess was as large as Apollo's sanctuary on the island. Competitions, musical contests, sacrifices, and war dances were held there to honor Artemis.

Ithaka

This cave served as a shelter for the Naiads, young nymphs who spun the sea into a glisterning purple cloth. Odysseus prayed here in joy upon his return.

Eumaios was Odysseus' loyal swineherd. He was the first to welcome him back to (sic) Troy and assisted him in the slaughter of Penelope's suitors.

Melanthios, Odysseus' goatherd, mistook him for a beggar upon his return and hit him. Sure his master had died in Troy, he betrayed him to impress Penelope's suitors.

Odysseus, the most illustrious of all Greek heroes, was among the chiefs who set out for Troy. He returned to Ithaka and reclaimned his palace twenty years later.

Named for the ancient sea god Phorkys, this bay was the first sight Odysseus saw upon his return. It provides a natural shelter for sailors from rough waters.

Odysseus planned the murder of his wife's suitors here upon his return.

Kephallonia

The largest on Kephallonia, the "Blue Cave" houses a small lake. It is part of a large cave system with more interconnected underground lakes.

The titan daughter of Uranus and Gaia, Tethys married her brother Okeanos and became the mother of Greece's rivers.

Prehistoric bones were found inside this cave which reaches depths of 95 meters.

The ancient Greek word "kleptes" lives on as the root word of kleptomania, which describes an impulse to steal—usually without an economic motive.

Located near the city of Pronnoi, Kephallonia's only lake is so deep that it was long believed to have no bottom.

The Lightning Zeus is depicted as such to mirror the geophysical phenomena of Mount Ainos, known for its spectacular thunderstorms.

The Melissani Cave is dedicated to the god Pan. Located 20 m below ground, it is 160 m long and 40 m deep. it contains stalactites that are over 20,000 years old.

Sami is the oldest city on Kephallonia, an island reputed for the wood of its abies cephalonica (sic) fir trees.

Here, atop the island's tallest mountain, two of Jason's argonauts prayed to the Zeus of Ainos to give them the strength to defeat winged monsters called Harpies.

Early Greek temples were built out of clay and wood. Stone structures weren't adopted until the seventh century BCE.

Chthonios Zeus is the god of the earth credited with bountiful harvests.

This Mycenaean tomb notably housed the bones of seventy-two people. Among the remains were valuable offerings discovered near Pronnoi, believed to have belonged to ancient Ithakan nobility.

Kausos is the ancient Greek word for fever, a symptom of malaria noted by Hippokrates. The disease was a driving force behind the depopulation of rural areas.

Korinthia

Prototype Trireme of Ameinokles

Ameinokles, the Korinthian shipbuilder, was the first Greek to build a trireme. This light, agile model with a rostrum for ramming became the main combat vessel of the fifth century BCE.

Lakonia

Sparta's male education system, the agoge, had a mainly military aim. It was the longest education system in the Greek world, with males age 7-29. Only heirs of royal families didn’t participate.

Legend has it that Kastor and Polydeukes were born on Mount Taygetos, near Sparta. The two young heroes were central to the Spartan warrior ritual at the beginning of campaigns.

According to tradition, Amyklai was the home of Tyndareus and his two illustrious boys, Kastor and Polydeukes. It was known for its abundance of fruit trees.

Young Spartans performed ritual battles in the island-shaped area. Before combat they sacrificed a black puppy to the god of war Enyalios, and then organized boar fights.

The Dromos course was for footraces, but it was also the place where young people were integrated into the city. Young Spartans offered sacrifices at a statue of Herakles when they became adults.

Gorani was the best known marble quarry in Sparta. Very fine-grained, light gray marble was extracted there.

The Perioikoi may not have been equal to Spartan citizens, but they too were involved in the military affairs of the Lakedaimonian army, serving as hoplites.

Limnai was one of the original villages that formed Sparta. The temple of Artemis Orthia was nearby, whose worship was associated with the long process for future Spartan citizens.

Mesoa was one of the four villages that united in the eighth century BCE to form the Spartan city-state under the authority of two families of kings: the Eurypontids and the Agiads.

This underwater city, whose first traces of dwellings date back to 5000 BCE, was home to monuments and tombs. It is said to have been engulfed after a series of devastating earthquakes.

A stoa was raised on the agora using Persian spoils after the Greco-Persian Wars. Columns nearby featured defeated Persians such as Darius's general, Mardonios.

Like Mesoa, Pitana was one of the four original villages that formed Sparta. The Agiads, one of Sparta’s royal families, originated there.

With one of the largest territories, Sparta had a great land-based military power, governing all Lakedaimonians. They were divided into Spartan citizens, free residents, slaves, and mothax.

The temple of Athena Chalkioikos on the akropolis was one of Sparta’s most important monuments. The bronze sheets that decorated its interior gave birth to the name Chalkioikos.

Generally a place of worship for women, this temple was set on a hill opposite the Spartan akropolis. During the god’s annual feast, a footrace involving eleven girls was held.

Forty years after the battle of Thermopylai - around 440 BC - Leonidas's bones were brought to Sparta. A hero’s shrine was set up, and a stele inscribed with the name of the soldiers at Thermopylai.

Orestes's bones were returned to Sparta from Tegea on the Delphic Oracle's advice. The Spartans thus enabled eternal protection of the hero, who was associated with the city’s legendary past.

Sparta based its military power mainly on its land troops, preferring to use its allies' naval contributions. Despite this, they used Glytheion as a port.

Lokris

Alponos, the first village founded in Lokris, was also famous for serving as the Greek naval base during the Persian Wars.

Opous was Lokris's main city and the hometown of the hero Patroklos. It was famed for aiding Leonidas during the Persian wars and for its pirates harassing fifth-centry BCE Athenian traders.

Aptly named "white gold," sea salt was vital for adding flavor to food, but also for conserving, dyeing, and perfumery. The harvesting and trading of sea salt was a strictly systemized business.

Megaris

Tripodiskos was born when an Argive brought a tripod from Delphi. They had orders from the Pythia that wherever it fell, he must live and build a temple to Apollo.

Mt. Geraneia, or "crane hill," was named for the flock of cranes that showed Megaros the way to its peak to escape a flood.

Pagai held strategic importance during the Persian War, and played a pivotal role during the Peloponnesian War.

Megara occupied a territory that held great military and commercial (importance) in mainland Greece.

Panormos was renowned for its harbor, an excellent site to drop anchor.

This Persian cliff was named after the nephew of Darius. He attempted to kill the Megarians by night, but ended up shooting arrows into the cliff face instead.

The Persians fought a losing battle at Salamis. The resulting shipwrecks littered the Greek coasts, souvenirs of their defeat.

This statue of the god of wine and fertility is located close to Megara. Only its face is visible—the rest of the body is hidden by foliage.

Apollo was one of the foremost gods in Megara, but this temple didn't necessarily reflect his importance. It was made of weak clay bricks, which eventually crumbled.

The Sanctuary of Athena was built on the Akropolis. Inside were three temples dedicated to worshipping her.

This stone pyramid was built at the city limit in tribute to Apollo Karinos.

Megarians believe the corpse of Ino washed up on the coast after she threw herself into the sea with her son. There is a sacrifice each year in her honor.

This diamond-shaped tomb depicts an Amazonian shield. It's dedicated to the Queen of the Amazons, Hyppolyta, who was defeated by Theseus and died of grief.

Messenia

Shipwreck of Nestor

King of Pylos and ruler of Messenia, Nestor traveled Greece with Menelaus to form an army, leading an expedition against the city of Troy. He was the oldest and wisest hero in the Trojan War

Naxos

Taking revenge on pirates who kidnapped him for money, Dionysos immobilized their ship in ivy vines. Driven mad, the pirates dove into the water and were turned into dolphins.

Being in love with Poseidon, Iphimedeia often walked to the sea and collected its waters in her lap. There she became, by Poseidon, the mother of the Aloadai, Otos and Ephialtes.

Phokis

This bronze statue of Apollo was dedicated to recall the naval victory of the Athenians and the oracle received by Themistokles.

This building was constructed against the polygonal wall that supported the terrace of the temple of Apollo and was used for setting up ex-votos, mostly spoils of war.

The Athenians dedicated this treasury to Apollo as the first fruits from the Persians at the Battle of Marathon.

The Bouleuterion was the seat of a small local council which had judicial and financial powers. They met there every six months.

This statue was dedicated by the Tyrant of Gela to commemorate his victory at the chariot race during the Pythian Games of 478 or 474 BCE.

Since the city of Delphi operated a Panhellenic sanctuary, the surrounding area enjoyed the special status associated with the oracle's property.

The Liparians dedicated a group of Apollo statues to commemorate a naval victory over the Etruscans. Twenty statues for the twenty ships seized by the enemy.

When he went to consult the Oracle of Delphi, Laios, the father of Oedipous, was killed by his son without either knowing who the other was.

While making sacrifices for a bountiful harvest the king of Kalydon forgot the altars of Artemis. To retaliate, Artemis sent a wild boar to ravage the country.

Pilgrims, the Pythia, and priests alike were required to perform ablutions here before consulting the oracle.

Personified as a man with bull horns, the Kephisos River was worshipped as a god. It fed into the plain of Phokis and Boeotia and ended in Lake Kopais.

This bull was offered by the people of Korkyra after a miraculous day of tuna fishing.

After their victory over the Sybarites, the Krotoniates dedicated to Apollo a tripod that was also the emblem of the coinage of Kroton, an Achaian colony in southern Italy.

The city was named for the nymph Lalaia, daughter of the river god Kephisos. It was built near the springs the nymph was believed to protect.

This building was a meeting and dining place that was decorated with paintings commemorating the fall of Troy and the return of the victorious Greek heroes.

After their victory over the Spartans, this monument was erected by the Argives and represents the seven leaders of the legendary expedition against Thebes.

This monument was dedicated in 465 BCE to cemmorate the battle of Marathon, which took place 30 years prior.

Naxos, a rich island in the Kyklades renowned for its artistic tradition, consecrated this votive in remembrance of its privilege to consult with the Pythia before others.

This palm was erected by the Athenians following their victory over the Persians at the Battle of Eurymedon. The victory put an end to the threat of another Persian invasion of Greece.

The Panhellenic Sanctuary of Delphi was renowned for the Oracle of Apollo, and considered the center of the world in ancient Greece.

This treasury celebrates the victories of the tyrant of Sikyon, Kleisthenes, during the First Sacred War. The monument was decorated with mythological legends, like the Argonauts' expedition.

Apollo used arrows to kill the monstrous serpent Pytho (sic), who originally guarded the oracle. For Greeks, the victory represented the triumph over chaos.

According to the Delphians, this rock was where a woman bearing the nickname Sibyl settled to sing her prophesies. It was said her inspiration came from within.

These two tripods weighed 400 kg each and were dedicated by the Tyrant of Syracuse after his victory in the battle of Himera to his brother to recall his victory at the battle of Kume.

The 31 Greek cities that took part in the Battle of Plataia dedicated to Apollo a massive golden tripod made from the tithe of the Persian booty.

Silver Islands

According to a late tradition, the Lokrian Ajax, the ancient hero of Troy, was buried in Mykonos.

Datis was a Persian general who served the Persian empire under Darius I. On his return from the Battle of Marathon in 490 BCE, he stopped at Mykonos and Delos.

Skyros

The city of Skyros, which shares the island's name, was famed for its goats and marble quarries. It had a fortified akropolis, a port, and sanctuaries dedicated to Achilles and Athena.

When Theseus returned to Athens, other factions had seized power. He decided to leave the city and return to Skyros, but he was betrayed by King Lykomedes, who tossed him off a cliff.

In Greek mythology, Achilles was hidden in childhood on Skyros and disguised as one of King Lykomedes's daughters. It was an attempt to elude the fatal destiny he met during the Trojan War.

Trivia

The flavor text for Lesche of the Knidians and Dedication of the Knidians is switched in-game.

Appearances

Assassin's Creed: Odyssey

References

Assassin's Creed: Odyssey

@@ Line 126: / Line 126: @@
 <tabber>
 |-|Chalkis City=
-Renowned for its metalworking and bronze weapon manufacturing, Chalkis was likely to fall away from Athens during the Peloponnesian War, and had to sign a treaty swearing loyalty to them.
+Renowned for its metalworking and bronze weapon manufacturing, [[Chalkis City|Chalkis]] was likely to fall away from [[Athens]] during the [[Peloponnesian War]], and had to sign a treaty swearing loyalty to them.
 |-|Copper Mine=
@@ Line 132: / Line 132: @@
 |-|Eretria=
-This city on the island'd west coast was known as the first target during the Persians' raid against Greece. Eretria was violently attacked or six days, with many residents taken to Persia.
+This city on the island's west coast was known as the first target during the Persians' raid against Greece. [[Eretria]] was violently attacked or six days, with many residents taken to Persia.
 |-|Karystos Dock=
-Karystos was located at an important meeting point of shipping routes linking the Gulf of Euboea and the Aegean archipelago. It was also known for joing the Persian army in the Persian Wars.
+[[Karystos Dock|Karystos]] was located at an important meeting point of shipping routes linking the Gulf of Euboea and the Aegean archipelago. It was also known for joining the Persian army in the Persian Wars.
 |-|Oreos Quarry=
@@ Line 147: / Line 147: @@
 |-|Temple of Artemis Amarysia=
-This temple dedicated to the goddess was as large as Apollo's sanctuary on the island. Competitions, musical contests, sacrifices, and war dances were held there to honor Artemis.
+[[Temple of Artemis Amarysia|This temple]] dedicated to the goddess was as large as Apollo's sanctuary on the island. Competitions, musical contests, sacrifices, and war dances were held there to honor Artemis.
 |-|The Bull of Oreos=