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Greek mythology is the body of stories used by the Ancient Greeks as a way of explaining the world around them. It is one of the most influential of world mythologies, along with Egyptian and Roman mythologies.
Deities
The Greek pantheon had a number of deities, among whom the greatest were referred to as the Twelve Gods.
When Greek influence reached Egypt, many of the Greek gods were combined with those of the Egyptians, and later on when the Romans took control of Greece, many of the Greek gods were identified with those in the Roman pantheon.
The twelve gods were:
- Zeus - King of the gods, god of lightning and law
- Hera - Queen of the gods, goddess of marriage, families and women
- Aphrodite - Goddess of love and feminine beauty
- Athena - Goddess of wisdom, battle strategy and crafts
- Poseidon - God of the sea
- Hermes - Messenger of the gods, god of travel, trickery and commerce
- Apollo - God of music, the sun, foresight and healing
- Ares - God of war
- Dionysos - God of wine, revelry, theatre and dancing
- Artemis - Goddess of hunting, moonlight and animals
- Demeter - Goddess of crop growth
- Hephaistos - God of blacksmiths, fire and volcanoes
In addition to them, there were others:
- Hades - the god of the underworld
- Hestia - the goddess of the hearth and home
- Britomartis - the Cretan goddess of mountain and hunting
- Fates - Goddesses who determine the lives of mortals
- Muses - Goddesses of the arts
Monsters
Greek mythology had a wealth of monsters.
Beasts
Beasts which Daphnae, a leader of the Daughters of Artemis during the Peloponnesian War described with "beasts that roam this world, but are not fully of it. They've been placed here by the gods as trials - as tests."[1]
- Nemean Lion
- Erymanthian Boar
- Hind of Keryneia
- Kalydonian Boar
- Kretan Bull
- Krokottas Hyena
- Kallisto the Bear
- Lykaon Wolf
People
Heroes
A number of legendary heroes in Greek myths were said to have been born from the union of the mortal and divine.