Soldier

Guards were members of organized military forces that typically defended or controlled access to locations of interest, or protected certain individuals.

Typically comprised of members of a local militia or governing body's military services, the colors and styles of their uniforms varied, denoting rank, allegiance, and combat specialization.

High Middle Ages
During the Third Crusade, soldiers wore the armor and colors of either Saracens or Crusaders, with the latter subdivided into the personal guards of King Richard I of England, or the Knights Templar, Hospitalier, and Teutonic.

Saracens spoke Turkish or Arabic, while Crusaders spoke mostly English, with some Captains and Sergeants speaking French or German. Templar Knights, however, spoke all of the dialects.

Saracens wore, and either or turbans. All Crusaders wore surcoats and chainmail, while some also wore spangenhelms or.

The colors of Crusader surcoats differed with their affiliation, with King Richard's personal guard wearing red and white, Templars wearing white with red crosses, Hospitaliers wearing black with white crosses, and Teutonics wearing white with black crosses.

Guards for several smaller factions or individuals possessed their own uniforms as well, such as the black, gold-striped clothes of Talal's men, or the short white robes and gray-hoods of the guards of Masyaf.

Renaissance
Throughout the Renaissance, multiple factions of guards existed, as they were affiliated to either individual cities or people instead of armies. They bore unique colors, often along with the family or city crest.

Guards for the House of Pazzi wore black caps, red sleeves with gold streaks, gold armour plates and the crest of the Pazzi. They could only be found in Florence and Tuscany, during the height of the family's influence, until the end of the Pazzi conspiracy.

Guards serving the House of Medici wore dark yellow caps, yellow and white striped sleeves, black armor plates, and the crest of the Medici. They were notably seen during and after the repression of the Pazzi Conspiracy in Florence, as well as in San Gimignano.

Guards of the House of Borgia wore dark red caps, black sleeves with dark red streaks, steel gray armour plates and the crest of the Borgia. They often accompanied Rodrigo Borgia, and could also be found around Santa Maria Novella during the Templar meeting, in the Cannaregio District of Venice, or in Florence during the Bonfire of the Vanities. They were also charged with guarding the banks housing the Codex pages.

Guards of Girolamo Savonarola wore light gray caps, and black sleeves and black or silver armor plates. Instead of a coats of arms, they bore a small portrait of Savonarola himself, with three red beams shining down upon him. They were notably seen in Florence during the Bonfire of the Vanities, often repressing the Borgia guards attempting to take the Apple of Eden.

Guards serving the city of Forlì wore dark green caps and sleeves, as well as the coat of arms of said city.

The guards who served the city of Venice wore blue caps and blue, gold streaked sleeves, with gold armor plates bearing the coat of arms of the Italian city. The quality of their armor was significantly better than that of their counterparts in other cities, protecting them from much damage.

Those who served the Vatican wore white caps, red and white sleeves, with yellow elements on their clothing, and the coat of arms of the city of Rome. Similarly to Venetian guards, their armor was more resilient than most.

Guards and soldiers of France wore dark blue and white, as well as olive green. They were commonly seen in Rome after the alliance of Cesare Borgia and the French general Octavian de Valois.

At that time, French soldiers were stationed in either the main camp in Castra Praetoria, or in military guard posts throughout the Campagna District of Rome. They remained in the city throughout its liberation, often fighting the mercenaries of the Assassin condottiero, Bartolomeo d'Alviano, until the assassination of Valois in August 1503.

Guards from the town of Viana in Spain wore yellowish-green armor. They notably participated in the Siege of Viana, as they defended Viana Castle from King John III's invading Navarre troops, who wore red uniforms with yellow accents.

Constantinople in the Renaissance was divided into two distinct factions, the ruling Ottomans, and the remnants of the ancient Byzantine Empire.

Though Constantinople was held and controlled by the former, guards of the latter constantly fought for control. The region of Cappadocia, particularly Derinkuyu, remained in Byzantine hands.

Ottoman guards wore green uniforms with red accents, though the Janissaries wore more multicoloured robes, while Byzantines wore small gray capes, and dark red and brown uniforms, and distinctly wore the black eagle crest of the Byzantine Empire's Palaiologos Dynasty. The Varangians and Almogavars also wore lamellar cuirasses that appeared to be made of gold, or some similar golden metal, with a cross engraved into each lamella in their cuirasses.

Enlightenment Age
During the Enlightenment age, guards were aligned with the British Army or Continental Army, or worked as mercenaries. Firearms also became the mainstay of most western armies. All soldiers were armed with flintlock muskets or pistols. British regulars and militia were easily denoted by their bright red uniforms. The British army also employed Hessian mercenaries such as the Jäger. German soldiers could be distinguished from their British counterparts by their green uniforms with red accents. Patriot soldiers wore mostly blue uniforms, except for Continental Grenadiers, who wore a khaki colored dress.

Regular
Regular guards were the most common, but lightest equipped of the guard ranks. Regular Crusader guards did not have helmets, and only wore leather armor, while Saracen ones wore turbans, and light lamellar armor.

In combat, they were not skilled enough to grab, counterattack, or perform a combo. They could only deflect attacks, with a 25% chance of dodging a light attack.

Sergeant
Sergeants were middle-ranked soldiers, and were equipped with helmets and heavier armor. Crusaders wore chainmail, and the Saracens possessed medium lamellar armor.

They could grab targets, and had a 50% chance of breaking a grab attack, as well as a 50% chance of countering or dodging a light attack. They also had a 25% chance of breaking defenses, but could not perform combo attacks.

Captain
Captains were the most powerful guards, with the exception of Templar Knights. Saracens wore Baidah helmets and heavy lamellar armor, while Crusaders wore chainmail, and varying knight helms.

Guards at this rank were also able to grab, and had a 75% chance of breaking a grab attack, as well as countering or dodging a light attack. They also had a 50% chance of breaking defenses. If a successful heavy attack was delivered, they could perform a combo attack.

Militia
Militia were the lowest ranking guards, and wore very little armor. They also had the lowest morale, and were likely to flee a battle if they were losing.

Militia could be found almost everywhere, and wielded a large variety of medium-ranged weapons. They were not especially agile, but could climb up to the rooftops, albeit slowly, in order to pursue a target Assassin.

Of the guard types, Militia were the only ones who could be fooled into picking up coins, should they be thrown as a distraction.

Elite
Elites were stronger than Militia, and wore a moderate amount of armor. They could withstand more damage, and were capable of dodging enemy attacks.

They were also more courageous than Militia, but could still be forced to retreat, especially if their Leader (or a high-ranking specialized guard) should be killed near them.

Leader
Leaders were the best fighters, and the most tenacious of all the regular guards. They wore slightly more armor than the Elites, and had distinct, full-faced helmets.

They were resilient, and could withstand several attacks before they could be killed. They were also harder to disarm, as well as resistant to being grabbed.

Captain
Captains of the Renaissance were usually found leading contingents of lower-ranked soldiers. They fought similarly to Leaders, but were more heavily and intricately armored, with full feathered helms.

Twelve Borgia Captains were particularly distinguished members of this rank, and led troops at each of Rome's twelve Borgia Towers. They were armored identically to other Captains, but wore white capes with the Borgia crest.

Though most were courageous and skilled enough to counter most attacks, some were cowardly, and would flee into their tower should it be attacked, until the next guard patrol was posted.

Regulars
The basic guards within the British and Continental armies were enlisted soldiers who wore regular battle-dress. They were equipped with muskets that held fixed bayonets and received training in forming firing lines. Regulars were susceptible to counter kills, throws, stuns, disarms and secondary weapon kills.

British Regulars wore a bright red tunic with white leggings and a black tricorn hat, and some took to wearing scarves around their faces. They had the ability to form a firing line quickly and efficiently and didn't run from battle due to the Army's severe discipline standards.

The Continental Army wore a blue battle-dress with a red accent down each lapel and a black tricorn hat. Although they were equally well-trained, they did not have the same discipline as their British counterparts. They would run after a sufficient amount of their comrades fell or when their leader was slain.

Militia
Militia of both the British and Continental armies could be found as guards on rooftops or inside forts, where they were being trained. Loyalist militia wore similar clothing to British Regulars, but instead featured an explorer's cap instead of a tricorn, as well as a backpack and dark spatterdashes. Onboard ships they were dressed as Royal Marines.

Patriot militia wore a white shirt and a blue vest, together with an explorer's cap. Miltia soldiers were not as well-trained as Regulars, as they could only attack once per a Regular's three times, though despite this, they took on almost identical roles.

Ranged types
As most standard guards only had medium or short-ranged weapons, they were often supplemented by ranged guard types, who could attack from a distance. More types were added over time, with the advancement of weapon technology.

Archers
Archers were guards armed with longbows, who patrolled rooftops and watched for possible enemies below. Outside of cities, they were posted on elevated watchtowers.

Crusader Archers wore the same uniforms as the standard guards of their faction, though they also had white hoods. In the Renaissance, Archers were usually of the Elite rank, and wore the same uniform as their standard counterparts.

Once provoked due to an enemy approaching within a meter or so, an archer would cease firing arrows, and draw his medium-ranged weapon, such as a sword or mace. Though accurate and deadly from a distance, Archers did not pose a serious threat in close combat.

Crossbowmen
Similarly to Archers, Crossbowmen defended the rooftops or areas of interest, though the Crossbows they wielded could be fired more quickly, and caused more damage. However, they did not completely replace Archers, as longbows were more accurate if used by a skilled guard.

Unlike Archers, Crossbowmen had no melee weapon, and if their enemy drew too close, they would only back away and keep firing. They were also more vigilant, and possessed some free-running ability, which permitted them to more closely investigate intruders.

In Rome, Crossbowmen could be distinguished by their striped berets and light armor.

Arquebusiers
The Arquebusiers (also called Gunmen or Riflemen) were firearm-wielding soldiers who patrolled rooftops, protected high-value locations, and guarded important people.

Though Arquebusiers did not have as great a range as Crossbowmen, what they lacked in distance, they made up for in power. Their shots dealt significant damage to both targets and enemy armor. In the Renaissance, they wore heavy armor and full helmets, as well as belts of gunpowder and ammunition.

Bombmen
In Constantinople, Bombmen wielded thunder bombs and short blades, and commonly guarded the rooftops in high traffic areas, such as the docks, arsenal, and harbor. They would also participate in the protection of Templar dens, and would attack from the safety of reinforced sentry boxes.

Byzantine Bombmen wore uniforms similar to Almogavars, though with longer red capes.

Specialized types
Certain high-ranking guards possessed unique qualities, usually granting them an advantage in combat through added speed, strength, or defense skills. They would often act as leaders for patrols of standard guards, and possessed uncommon weapons or armor.

Agiles
Agiles were lightly-armored, quick moving guards. They were one of the types capable of outrunning Assassins, and were also skilled free-runners. They more commonly fled to alert nearby guards, rather than face an enemy directly.

During pursuits alongside other guards, Agiles would usually catch up to a target first and injure them with the short blades they wielded. In battle, they were very light on their feet and could dodge nearly all attacks. Agiles wore the least armor of any guard, with only a light leather chest guard, and metal helmet and spaulders. Due to their increased vulnerability, they were also the most cowardly of the specialized types.

Brutes
Brutes were the most heavily-armored guards during the Renaissance. They moved slowly due to the two-handed weapons they wielded, but compensated through resilience and power.

They were not very vigilant, and could not normally distinguish Assassins from anyone else in a crowd. In guard patrols, they often acted as the leader, as they had the highest morale of any guard type, fleeing only if they were disarmed and could not obtain another weapon. Brutes could be easily seen from their large, reinforced armor and closed helms. Brutes in Rome had more intricate armor than those in other cities, with designs worked into the metal.

Seekers
Seekers were guards who, as their name suggested, would search through hiding places, on the suspicion that an Assassin had taken refuge within one. They always wielded polearms, such as spears and halberds.

Similarly to Brutes, they would lead patrols of guards, often halting the group to search any hiding spots they passed. In battle, they had the second highest morale to Brutes, and were skilled enough to resist most attacks and counters. They were slightly more heavily-armored than a standard guard, though less so than Brutes, wearing a combination of chainmail and plate armor, as well as distinctive feathered helms.

Horsemen
Horsemen were mounted guards that possessed the ability to use a variety of weapons while on horseback. Their steeds allowed them to easily pursue targets, and strike preemptively.

Though they were vulnerable to long-ranged weapons such as throwing knives and crossbows, they could be easily dealt with after being knocked from the saddle, either by tripping their horse, or striking them from horseback.

Horsemen were equipped with both medium and long-ranged weapons, though none could wield polearms. They were armored similarly to Borgia Captains, albeit without the cape.

Almogavars
Almogavars were heavily-armored Byzantine guards, who wielded two-handed axes. They were stationed in Byzantine-controlled districts of Constantinople, as well as in Derinkuyu during the Renaissance.

Comparable to Brutes, they fought with heavy weapons, and were slower than all other enemies. Due to their thick armor, they were very resilient, and could not be killed with a single bullet or crossbow bolt. However, they possessed a profound weakness to the effects of datura bombs. They wore golden lamellar cuirasses with a Templar cross engraved into each lamella, their armour was notably decorated with fur and was topped by particularly large metal pauldrons. They also wielded unique axes, with a pair of crescent-shaped blades.

Varangians
Varangians were the Byzantine equivalent of Seekers, and were stationed in both Constantinople and Derinkuyu. They were very skilled in battle, and could deflect nearly all strikes and counterattacks. They wore the same golden lamellar as the Almogavars with short grey capes, as well as intricate winged helmets. They fought with halberds or spears, as well as short pistols.

Grenadiers
Grenadiers were specialized units in the British Army during the American Revolutionary War. They were roughly comparable to the Italian Brutes and Byzantine Almogavars, being slower than other soldiers, and fighting with heavy weapons and muskets.

Grenadiers were recognizable by their narrow, tall headgear designed not to obstruct throwing of grenades.

Officers
Officers in both armies led groups of other guards on patrols and were equipped with a sword and pistol. Whilst wielding their sword, they parried all of Connor's regular attacks, forcing him to either break their defense or disarm them first. They could also counter Connor's counter-kills even if disarmed, but were susceptible to throws, stuns, disarms and secondary weapon kills. If any horses were nearby, Officers would mount them and attempt to attack Connor on horseback, either by charging or firing their pistol. Officers could see through disguises and would search hiding spots. When patrolling alone, they would be accompanied by guard dogs, who would give away Connor's location if they got close enough.

Scouts
Akin to the Agiles that served throughout the Renaissance, Scouts were fast-moving adversaries capable of free-running that wielded short blades and muskets. They would pursue any attackers that fled from battle, and could not be disarmed or have their defense broken. They were, however, susceptible to all other forms of counterattacks. In combat, they would attempt to flip over Connor's back and attack him from behind, similar to the "hook and run" maneuver used by the Turkish Assassins.

Snitches
Snitches are usually seen in larger guard patrols, playing drums. They never fight with an attacker, choosing instead to flee the scene and bring reinforcements. If they cannot flee, they brandish daggers, or they cower until the attacker either leaves or neutralizes them. The British drummers can be seen wearing a ceremonial bearksin hat and red coat. The Continental Army equivalent is seen wearing a yellow coat and similar headgear to a British drummer.

Expert types
Expert guards were high-ranking guards, who were the most skilled and well-equipped of their time. They often possessed several of the qualities of specialized guards, and were limited in number.

Templar Knights
Templar Knights were particularly skilled Crusaders, and were stationed throughout the Kingdom and its cities. They would often position themselves with a wall or cliff to their back, to prevent them from being attacked from behind.

They were particularly vigilant, and could identify an Assassin from a crowd almost immediately, subsequently attacking them. Other guards held the knights in high regard, and would always stand back should the Templar Knight engage in battle with an Assassin. They were similar to the Crusader Captains, but with unique armor. They wore chainmail and white surcoats with red crosses, as well as red lacquered great helms.

Papal Guards
The Papal Guard were elite soldiers throughout the Renaissance and were commanded by the Papacy, to serve and protect the pontiff during his tenure. They combined the best qualities of all the other specialized guards, being very powerful in battle, as well as quick on their feet.

They wore intricate black and gold armor, as well as long dark capes, metal face masks and plumed helmets. They also wore crests painted on their chest guards, either displaying the crossed keys of the Papacy, or (in the 16th century) the red bull of the Borgia. Papal guards could use a wide variety of weapons, including long or heavy ones, though they most commonly dual-wielded a pistol alongside a medium weapon.

Janissaries
Janissaries were highly-trained soldiers, and the elite of the Ottoman Empire, serving as the private guards to the Sultan. Similarly to the Papal Guard, they encompassed all the skills of the specialized guards.

Their uniforms consisted of colorful robes with embroidered patterns, as well as black headdresses and metal face masks. They all wielded unique kijils, as well as short pistols for long-ranged attacks.

Jägers
Jägers, also colloquially referred to as Hessians, were a detachment of German troops that were contracted by the British to fight in the American Revolutionary War. However, they operated independently of most British protocols.

Jägers specialised in deep forest and wilderness combat, tactics and reconnaissance, as well as unconventional warfare. As such, they were regarded as an elite scouting unit, used for surveying an area ahead of a body of troops or leading the way on the front lines.

The Jägers gained a fierce reputation as fearsome warriors and reliable, disciplined troops, and they were well respected within the ranks of the British Army. Like the other expert archetypes, Jägers combined the aspects of the basic archetypes. They patrolled in search of Connor, wielded a sword and pistol, and could fight on horseback, like Officers.

In combat, they were immune to direct attacks and would occasionally throw grenades, similar to the Grenadiers. While in pursuit, they could easily catch up to Connor, being the one of the only archetypes to do so along with Scouts.

There were two types of Jäger located in Colonial America during the American Revolutionary War, Loyalist Jäger found within the British Army and Patriot Jäger found within the Continental Army.
 * British Jägers wore green coats with red trim, black boots and tricorn hats with a red feather.
 * American Jägers wore green coats with gold trim, black boots, and Tarletons with black horse hair trim.

Trivia

 * Assassin's Creed II


 * In Assassin's Creed II, the taunts Ezio said to Brutes were different from those he said to the other guards, mainly insulting them about their weight, as they were bulkier in stature.
 * In the memory "Clothes Make the Man," Ugo told Ezio that the thieves were to impersonate the archers. Yet in the next memory, "Everything Must Go," after Ezio killed the archers on the rooftops, the thieves wore the armor of captain guards instead of archer armor.
 * In the memory "Infrequent Flier," a Brute and a Seeker could be seen stationed on a rooftop, despite being the only guards who could not climb or free-run.
 * In the memory "Play Along," Ezio assassinated an Agile so he could disguise himself as a guard, but instead of having an Agile's outfit, he wore the outfit of a Leader guard.


 * Others
 * Several other guard types were present only in Assassin's Creed: Bloodlines and Assassin's Creed: Altaïr's Chronicles, such as Shield Guards, Duelists, and unnamed robed guards wielding maces.
 * In the memory "French Kiss," Ezio killed twenty French guards of different archetypes to acquire their armor. However, in the following memories, Bartolomeo's mercenaries were equipped with only Leader armor, while Ezio wore armor similar to a Borgia Captain's.
 * Additionally, though Ezio's Captain armor during the memory was in French colors, no such French guard could ever be encountered.
 * In Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood and Assassin's Creed: Revelations, an extremely rare glitch can occur with a group of four guards. They will stand in place and won't pay any attention to Ezio, even if he killed someone nearby. He's free to attack them, in which case an execution will be performed, but it won't kill them, leaving them to simply stand up again.
 * In PlayStation Home, the design of a Seeker can be purchased for an avatar. Similarly, on Xbox Live, it is possible to purchase the outfit of an Agile guard.